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Photo, Print, Drawing The Smokey Hollow Community, Informal boundaries by street name: North to South: East Jefferson Street to East Van Buren Street. West to East: South Gadsden Street to Marvin Street., Tallahassee, Leon County, FL

[ Drawings from Survey HALS FL-9  ]

More Resources

[ Data Pages from Survey HALS FL-9  ]
[ Photo Captions from Survey HALS FL-9  ]

About this Item

Title

  • The Smokey Hollow Community, Informal boundaries by street name: North to South: East Jefferson Street to East Van Buren Street. West to East: South Gadsden Street to Marvin Street., Tallahassee, Leon County, FL

Names

  • Historic American Landscapes Survey, creator
  • White, Boston W
  • Leon County
  • City of Tallahassee
  • State of Florida
  • Gudenrath
  • Kilpatrick
  • Green
  • Atkinson
  • Collins
  • Brundage
  • Parish
  • Simmons
  • Johnson, Richard
  • Johnson, Lessie
  • Mills-Ash, Sarah
  • Hartsfield, Richard
  • Baldwin, Dallas
  • Shears, Pinkie
  • Atkinson, David
  • Collins, Leroy
  • Williams, John Lee
  • Duval, William
  • Cone, Fred P.
  • Bryant, C. Farris
  • Williams, Hugh
  • Washington, G. W.
  • Taff
  • Terrell, William Glenn
  • Butcher, Gordon
  • Johnson, Malcolm
  • Burress, R. Spencer
  • Hill and Adley Associates
  • Gaines
  • Larkins
  • McCray
  • Oliver
  • Martin
  • McLeod
  • Cruel, Lena
  • St. John AME
  • The Church of God
  • Pilgrim Rest
  • Boutin, Richard
  • Nims, Thelma
  • Barnes, Althemese
  • Stevens, Christopher M., transmitter
  • Koslow, Jennifer, historian
  • Dixon, Anthony, historian
  • Gavin, Beverly Simmons, researcher
  • Bertram, Robyn, researcher
  • Bracken, Kyle, researcher
  • Burns, Brandi, researcher
  • Case, Eric, researcher
  • Christian, Rachel, researcher
  • Coker, Jessica, researcher
  • Davenport, Monica, researcher
  • Davis, Philip, researcher
  • Palmer, Kathryn, researcher
  • Skinner, Julia, researcher
  • Smith, Corie, researcher
  • Soash, Richard, researcher
  • Stansell, Kimberly, researcher
  • Taylor, Mary, researcher
  • Woofter, Rebecca, researcher
  • Behrens, Colin, researcher
  • Driapsa, David J., delineator
  • Blueprint 2000, sponsor

Created / Published

  • Documentation compiled after 2000

Headings

  • -  African Americans
  • -  urban renewal
  • -  urban parks
  • -  state government
  • -  state parks & reserves
  • -  ethnic groups
  • -  vegetable gardens
  • -  kitchen gardens
  • -  residential gardens
  • -  yard ornaments
  • -  yards
  • -  swept-earth yards
  • -  shotgun houses
  • -  general stores
  • -  restaurants
  • -  neighborhoods
  • -  clotheslines
  • -  churches
  • -  Florida--Leon County--Tallahassee

Latitude / Longitude

  • 30.434478,-84.277108

Notes

  • -  Significance: The story of Smokey Hollow forces us to rethink historical narratives of government's exercise of eminent domain in the mid-twentieth century on established African American neighborhoods. Throughout the nation, government intervention displaced vibrant communities of working class people, immigrants, and minorities. While the specific contours of that story in Tallahassee were unique, the outcome was not. Through the power of eminent domain, the state of Florida eliminated most of the housing and business structures that had existed in Smokey Hollow since the turn of the twentieth century. Yet, that dissolution did not eradicate the community's sense of itself. This is the story of the development of this African American community, its dissolution, and its persistence in memory after dislocation. Although a system of segregation limited opportunities, African Americans refused to let those restrictions define them. Starting in the 1890s, members of Smokey Hollow began building a community identified by families, social organizations, cultural institutions, and African American businesses. Over the course of the next sixty years, the neighborhood became tight knit. At the same time, the late arrival of residential zoning ordinances, the absence of legal minimum standards of housing, and a hilly topography shaped the contours of the built environment. Vernacular structures, most often made of wood, most often one-story, and most often owned by white non-residents, dominated the landscape. In contrast to improvements in infrastructure in predominately-white communities in Tallahassee, in the late 1950s, most of the roads in Smokey Hollow were still unpaved and many residents lived without basic urban amenities. In addition, an unprotected water ditch and railroad ran through the area. Yet, until the call to redevelop the area around the state capitol into a complex center to house an expanded government courtesy of the state’s post World War II growth, few politicians took notice of the area. In an era when most African Americans were disenfranchised, Smokey Hollow fell vulnerable to the call for urban renewal. The move to acquire the land for state offices in the early 1960s forced residents to disperse into other African American neighborhoods. The majority of Smokey Hollow's residents lost their homes and their businesses. Yet, in their diaspora, former residents persevered in maintaining the memory of Smokey Hollow in the remnants of that community's physical manifestations, reunions and other commemorative events. This HALS captures the archival history and private memories of Smokey Hollow and consecrates them as a public memory. It makes the community’s former presence on the landscape perceptible to those in the present.
  • -  Unprocessed Field note material exists for this structure: N85
  • -  Survey number: HALS FL-9
  • -  Building/structure dates: 1890 Initial Construction
  • -  Building/structure dates: 1890-1970 Subsequent Work
  • -  Building/structure dates: 1960-1975 Demolished

Medium

  • Photo(s): 7
  • Measured Drawing(s): 15
  • Data Page(s): 113
  • Photo Caption Page(s): 1

Call Number/Physical Location

  • HALS FL-9

Source Collection

  • Historic American Landscapes Survey (Library of Congress)

Repository

Control Number

  • fl0781

Rights Advisory

Online Format

  • image
  • pdf

Rights & Access

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Ultimately, it is the researcher's obligation to assess copyright or other use restrictions and obtain permission from third parties when necessary before publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in the Library's collections.

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Obtaining Copies

If Digital Images Are Displaying

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  • Data Pages
    • Make note of the Call Number in the catalog record.

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  • Visit the Prints & Photographs Reading Room and request to view the group (general information about service in the reading room is available at: https://aj.sunback.homes/rr/print/info/001_ref.html). It is best to contact reference staff in advance (see: https://aj.sunback.homes/rr/print/address.html) to make sure the material is on site. OR
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  1. Is the item digitized? (A thumbnail (small) image will be visible on the left.)

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Cite This Item

Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

Historic American Landscapes Survey, Creator, Boston W White, Leon County, City Of Tallahassee, State Of Florida, Gudenrath, Kilpatrick, et al. The Smokey Hollow Community, Informal boundaries by street name: North to South: East Jefferson Street to East Van Buren Street. West to East: South Gadsden Street to Marvin Street., Tallahassee, Leon County, FL. Tallahassee Leon County Florida, 2000. translateds by Stevens, Christopher M.Mitter Documentation Compiled After. Photograph. https://aj.sunback.homes/item/fl0781/.

APA citation style:

Historic American Landscapes Survey, C., White, B. W., Leon County, City Of Tallahassee, State Of Florida, Gudenrath [...] Blueprint 2000, S. (2000) The Smokey Hollow Community, Informal boundaries by street name: North to South: East Jefferson Street to East Van Buren Street. West to East: South Gadsden Street to Marvin Street., Tallahassee, Leon County, FL. Tallahassee Leon County Florida, 2000. Stevens, C. M. M., trans Documentation Compiled After. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://aj.sunback.homes/item/fl0781/.

MLA citation style:

Historic American Landscapes Survey, Creator, et al. The Smokey Hollow Community, Informal boundaries by street name: North to South: East Jefferson Street to East Van Buren Street. West to East: South Gadsden Street to Marvin Street., Tallahassee, Leon County, FL. trans by Stevens, Christopher M.Mitter Documentation Compiled After. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <aj.sunback.homes/item/fl0781/>.