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Photo, Print, Drawing Village of Harmony, Pennsylvania, Bounded by German Street to the south; Wood Street to the east; Connoquenessing Creek to the north; and Wilson Alley to the west. , Harmony, Butler County, PA

[ Data Pages from Survey HALS PA-11  ]

About this Item

Title

  • Village of Harmony, Pennsylvania, Bounded by German Street to the south; Wood Street to the east; Connoquenessing Creek to the north; and Wilson Alley to the west. , Harmony, Butler County, PA

Names

  • Historic American Landscapes Survey, creator
  • Rapp, Johann Georg
  • Harmony Society
  • Rapp, Fredrick Reichert
  • Mennonites
  • New Harmony, Indiana
  • Duss, John S.
  • Duss, Susanna C.
  • Ziegler, Abraham
  • Pietists
  • Separatists
  • Rapp, George
  • Haller
  • Muller, Christoph
  • Beam, Samuel
  • Kelker, Jacob
  • Fleming, John
  • Stauffer
  • Latshaw, William
  • Schwartz
  • Herr
  • Ladenschlager, Johann
  • Gull, Baltzer
  • Roth, John
  • Noss, Philip
  • Tinsman, Joseph
  • Bassler, Francis
  • Gross, Jacob
  • Trinnell, John
  • Scheely, John
  • Boyer, John
  • Ziegler, David
  • Pearce, John
  • Schontz
  • Sample, Robert
  • Bentle, H. M.
  • Bowman, J.
  • Stevens, Chris, transmitter

Created / Published

  • Documentation compiled after 2000

Headings

  • -  utopias
  • -  cities & towns
  • -  religious groups
  • -  villages
  • -  agriculture
  • -  gardens
  • -  vegetable gardens
  • -  residential gardens
  • -  churches
  • -  Mennonite churches
  • -  creeks
  • -  botanical gardens
  • -  labyrinth gardens
  • -  Reformed churches
  • -  trees
  • -  Pennsylvania -- Butler County -- Harmony

Latitude / Longitude

  • 40.802756,-80.128019

Notes

  • -  Significance: Harmony was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a Historic District on May 30th 1974 (Poh, 1973). Harmony was founded by the pietist Johann Georg Rapp and his Harmony Society in 1804 as the first Harmonist settlement in the United States. George Rapp came to America from the Duchy of Württemberg, Germany in 1803 in search of land for his followers free from the religious persecution they faced in Germany. He desired a place for his followers to worship, farm, and put into effect his communal religious teachings. In 1804, two groups of Harmonites purchased a tract of land in Butler County, Pennsylvania. Under the spiritual leadership of Father Rapp, the business and architectural skill of his adopted son, Fredrick Reichert Rapp, and hard work by all, "Harmonie" became a highly profitable venture and an example of communal living. They formally established the Harmony Society in 1805 and lived in Pennsylvania for about 10 years before selling the Harmony property to Mennonites and moving on to New Harmony, Indiana. In 1824, they moved back to Pennsylvania, this time to Economy (now Ambridge) about 20 miles south of Harmony. The settlements were economically successful, producing many goods in a clothing factory, a sawmill, a tannery, and from their vineyards and distillery. A hotel was also run in Harmony. The society exerted a major influence on the economic development of Western Pennsylvania. But since the group chose to adopt celibacy, they eventually dissolved when John S. and his wife Susanna C. Duss, the last surviving leaders of Harmony Society, died in 1951. Still extant are most of the original Harmonites' buildings. The group of Mennonites led by Abraham Ziegler that bought the town of Harmony in 1814 lasted until around 1904, by which time the town was selling more and more individual plots. Still extant is an old Mennonite meeting house on a hill near Harmony that was built in 1825.
  • -  Survey number: HALS PA-11
  • -  Building/structure dates: ca. 1804 Initial Construction
  • -  Building/structure dates: ca. 1824 Subsequent Work
  • -  Building/structure dates: ca. 1814 Subsequent Work
  • -  National Register of Historic Places NRIS Number: 73002139

Medium

  • Data Page(s): 18

Call Number/Physical Location

  • HALS PA-11

Source Collection

  • Historic American Landscapes Survey (Library of Congress)

Repository

Control Number

  • pa4131

Rights Advisory

Online Format

  • pdf

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Cite This Item

Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

Historic American Landscapes Survey, Creator, Johann Georg Rapp, Harmony Society, Fredrick Reichert Rapp, Mennonites, Indiana New Harmony, John S Duss, et al. Village of Harmony, Pennsylvania, Bounded by German Street to the south; Wood Street to the east; Connoquenessing Creek to the north; and Wilson Alley to the west. , Harmony, Butler County, PA. Pennsylvania Butler County Harmony, 2000. translateds by Stevens, Chrismitter Documentation Compiled After. Photograph. https://aj.sunback.homes/item/pa4131/.

APA citation style:

Historic American Landscapes Survey, C., Rapp, J. G., Harmony Society, Rapp, F. R., Mennonites, New Harmony, I. [...] Bowman, J. (2000) Village of Harmony, Pennsylvania, Bounded by German Street to the south; Wood Street to the east; Connoquenessing Creek to the north; and Wilson Alley to the west. , Harmony, Butler County, PA. Pennsylvania Butler County Harmony, 2000. Stevens, C., trans Documentation Compiled After. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://aj.sunback.homes/item/pa4131/.

MLA citation style:

Historic American Landscapes Survey, Creator, et al. Village of Harmony, Pennsylvania, Bounded by German Street to the south; Wood Street to the east; Connoquenessing Creek to the north; and Wilson Alley to the west. , Harmony, Butler County, PA. trans by Stevens, Chrismitter Documentation Compiled After. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <aj.sunback.homes/item/pa4131/>.