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MARC PROPOSAL NO. 2011-10

DATE: May 27, 2011
REVISED:

NAME: Geographic Codes in the MARC 21 Classification Format

SOURCE: Dewey Editorial Team

SUMMARY: This paper proposes defining fields 034 (Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data) and field 043 (Geographic Area Code) in the MARC 21 Classification Format to describe geographic headings.

KEYWORDS: Field 034 (CD); Field 043 (CD); Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data (CD); Geographic Area Code (CD)

RELATED:

STATUS/COMMENTS:
5/27/11 – Made available to the MARC community for discussion

06/25/11 – Results of MARC Advisory Committee discussion: Approved as amended. Subfield $0 (Authority record control number or standard number) will be added to fields 034 and 043 in all the formats.

07/19/11 - Results of LC/LAC/BL review - Agreed with the MARBI decision.

Proposal No. 2011-10: Geographic Codes in Classification Records

1. BACKGROUND

The MARC 21 Authority Format has fields that can provide additional geographic data about the entity described in the record.

Among the geographic codes in the MARC Authority Format are:

034 - Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data
 In the Authority format, it is used for the coordinates of the area described in the record; in the Bibliographic format it is used for the area covered by a map or atlas.

043 - Geographic Area Code
For a geographic area code; in the Authority format the code of the entity in the 1XX field and in the Bibliographic format the code for the subject of the resource.

A geographic code could be used in the MARC 21 Format for Classification Data that is equivalent to the geographic topic in field 153 (Classification Number) of the record.  This would be analogous to the way that geographic codes are used to describe geographic topics in the 151 fields of authority records.

2. DISCUSSION

This proposal suggests implementing the 034 and 043 fields in the MARC Classification format.  Both are useful to provide access to classification records, either by searching for a location specified by using the data in 034, or for a location specified by country, state or region using the data in 043.  Field 034 would also be useful for enabling cartographic representations of classification numbers.

2.1. Field 034 Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data

Field 034 could be used to encode the cartographic location of the place or object identified in the 153 field of a classification record, just as it is used to identify the location of something in the 151 field of an authority record.  The subfields defined in the Authority format would also be defined in the Classification format, since in both these formats the field would be used to describe a geographic topic.

• 034 - Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data (R)
• • Indicators
    • First - Undefined
      • # - Undefined, contains a blank
    • Second - Type of ring
      • # - Not applicable
      • 0 - Outer ring
      • 1 - Exclusion ring
  • Subfield Codes
    • $d - Coordinates - westernmost longitude (NR)
    • $e - Coordinates - easternmost longitude (NR)
    • $f - C oordinates - northernmost latitude (NR)
    • $g - Coordinates - southernmost latitude (NR)
    • $j - Declination - northern limit (NR)
    • $k - Declination - southern limit (NR)
    • $m - Right ascension - eastern limit (NR)
    • $n - Right ascension - western limit (NR)
    • $p - Equinox (NR)
    • $r - Distance from earth (NR)
    • $s - G-ring latitude (R)
    • $t - G-ring longitude (R)
    • $x - Beginning date (NR)
    • $y - Ending date (NR)
    • $z - Name of extraterrestrial body (NR)
    • $2 - Source (NR)
    • $3 - Materials specified (NR)
    • $6 - Linkage (NR)
    • $8 - Field link and sequence number (R)

2.2. Field 043 Geographic Area Code

Field 043 could be used to encode the region, country or state containing the place identified in the 153 field of a classification record, just as it is used to identify the location of something in the 151 field of an authority record.

The subfields defined in the Authority format would also be defined in the Classification format, although in Dewey records it is likely that only subfield $a (Geographic area code) will be used.

• 043 - Geographic Area Code (NR)
• • Indicators
    • First - Undefined
      • # - Undefined, contains a blank
    • Second - Undefined
      • # - Undefined, conatins a blank
  • Subfield Codes
    • $a - Geographic area code (R)
    • $b - Local GAC code (R)
    • $c - ISO code (R)
    • $2 - Source of local code (R)
    • $6 - Linkage (NR)
    • $8 - Field link and sequence number (R)

2.3. Example

Two examples, including both fields, would be:

034 ## $dW0842300$eW0842300$fN0423600$gN0423600$2geonames
043 ## $an-us-mi
153 ## $z2$a77426$z2$e7742$hGeographic Areas, Historical Periods, Biography$kSpecific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds$kModern world; extraterrestrial worlds$hNorth America$kSpecific states of United States$hNorth central United States$kLake states$hMichigan $kLower Peninsula$hSouth central counties of Lower Peninsula$jIngham County

034 ## $dW0140000$eW0140000$fN0140000$gN0140000$2geonames
043 ## $af-sg---
153 ## $z2$a663$z2$e66$hGeographic Areas, Historical Periods, Biography$kSpecific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds$kModern world; extraterrestrial worlds$kAfrica$kWest Africa and offshore islands$jSenegal

3. PROPOSED CHANGES

In the MARC 21 Classification Format:

• Define field 034 as in the MARC 21 Authority Format.
• Define field 043 as in the MARC 21 Aurhority Format.

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