Book/Printed Material Narrative of an expedition to the source of St. Peter's River, Lake Winnepeck, Lake of the Woods, &c. &c. performed in the year 1823, by order of the Hon. J.C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Stephen H. Long, Major, U.S.T.E. Volume 1
-
Image 1 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 452 3190 Pat 6 MAJOR LONG'S SECOND EXPEDITION- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 2 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 3 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 4 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 5 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition NARRATIVE OF AN EXPEDITION TO THE SOURCE OF ST. PETER'S RIVER, LAKE WINNEPEEK, LAKE OF THE WOODS, &c. &c. PERFORMED IN THE YEAR 1823, BY ORDER OF THE HON. J. C. CALHOUN,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 6 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition F597 .L845 Rare Bk. Coll. EASTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, to wit: BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the twenty-ninth day of November, in the forty-ninth year of the independence of the United States…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 7 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition TO HIS EXCELLENCY JAMES MONROE. PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THIS WORK, CONTAINING THE RESULT OF OBSERVATION MADE DURING AN EXPEDITION PERFORMED UNDER HIS ADMINISTRATION, VERY RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED BY THE…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 8 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition CORRECTIONS TO VOL. I. Page 19, Line 18, for derangement, read disturbance, 25,, 18, for compensates for a, read compensates the. 46, 15, for laid, read lay. 55, 4, for the Expedition,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 9 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition PREFACE. IN offering this work to the public, the compiler regrets that it has been delayed longer than was originally intended;the difficulties which he has encountered in the performance of a task…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 10 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition viii Besides which, the journals kept by each of the gentlemen, have frequently completed the remarks made by some other member of the party. It has been deemed unnecessary to state in…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 11 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition ix In compiling from notes written by many persons under the disadvantages of fatigues, hardships, and privations, it is not easy, however it may be desirable, to avoid the use of all…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 12 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition x are the results contained in the meteorological tables, they can only be considered as approximations; because an uniform method of making observations has not yet been adopted. Those who are conversant…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 13 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition xi St. Anthony the thermometer was exposed to the southwest; at other posts, we have seen it facing the east; sometimes the instruments were protected from, at other times they were exposed…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 14 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition xii In conclusion, the compiler has much pleasure in acknowledging the great obligations under which he lies to George 0rd, Esquire squire, one of the Vice Presidents of the Academy of Natural…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 15 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition CONTENTS OF VOL. I. CHAPTER I. Page. Departure from Philadelphia. Geology of the Alleghanies. Cumberland Road. Wheeling 9 CHAPTER II. Zanesville. Salt and Iron Works. Columbus. Piqua. Indian Antiquities. Ohio Canals. Fort…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 16 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition LIST OF PLATES. Map of the Country traversed by the Expedition. Plate 1. Wanotan and his son, to face the title page of Vol. I. 2. Plan of Indian fortifications at Pique…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 17 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition NARRATIVE OF AN EXPEDITION TO THE SOURCE OF ST. PETER'S RIVER, &c. &c. CHAPTER I. Departure from Philadelphia. Geology of the Alleghanies. Cumberland Road. Wheeling. THE success which attended the expedition to…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 18 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 10 thrown upon the history of the Upper Mississippi, which was previously known only through the fascinating, but imperfect, and in many instances, fabulous accounts of old travellers, and through the hasty…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 19 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 11 fitted out for exploring the river St. Peter's and the country situated on the northern boundary of the United States between the Red River of Hudson's Bay and Lake Superior.” The…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 20 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 12 Topographical Engineers, commanding the Expedition— Thomas Say , Zoologist and Antiquary— William H. Keating , Mineralogist and Geologist— Samuel Seymour , Landscape Painter and Designer. Messrs. Say and Keating were likewise…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 21 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 13 purchased horses in exchange. This part of the journey was performed in eleven days. The usual route through Lancaster, Columbia, York, and Gettysburg, was travelled. Here they left the Pittsburg turnpike…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 22 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 14 states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. This formation extends in a general north-easterly direction. The rock appears to be nearly horizontally stratified, but from the slight inclination which it…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 23 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 15 There are also fragments of white quartz intermixed with those of limestone. The breccia appears to form partial deposits in the coves or valley basins of that vicinity. In the neighbourhood…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 24 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 16 which was received, it would appear probable, that the ore has been worked, in one place at least, on a vein running nearly east and west. The rock, as has been…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 25 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 17 its true nature was ascertained. This marble is of the finest white, with a subsaccaroidal grain, and may become of great use in buildings; it is however too fine-grained for statuary…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 26 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 18 apparently very ancient formation, and which we feel inclined to refer to the red sandstone formation, occurs. It frequently acquires a reddish colour; and being in great measure composed of quartz,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 27 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 19 from the time at which the transition formations were produced, until the coal and its accompanying strata had commenced to be formed. We observe, in most cases, that the slate and…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 28 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 20 without any interruption. It consists merely of alternating strata of slate-clay, sandstone, limestone, and coal. Of these the sandstone is the most abundant; it is generally fine-grained, composed principally of fragments…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 29 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 21 these beds extend over the whole country, for the same may be traced for miles without any sensible alteration in its appearance. There are various beds at different levels and of…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 30 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 22 private houses. This will probably ever prevent their being applied to metallurgical purposes. The pyrites not only penetrate the coal and its accompanying slate, but they extend even into the sandstone,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 31 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 23 apparently of palms. The vegetable matter had completely disappeared, leaving only an impression, which, although very distinct, was not sufficiently well characterised to allow of a determination of its nature. This…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 32 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 24 quality; but in this manner a safer roof is obtained for the excavation. The limestone is considerably affected by the pyrites, and being in some places, as we were informed, magnesian,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 33 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 25 the traveller in the most favourable manner. The freshness of the vegetation is peculiarly grateful to the eye in the commencement of May, and contrasts beautifully with the deep blue of…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 34 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 26 expense, amounting to nearly two millions of dollars, ($1,995,000,) which has attended its construction, can be accounted counted for but by a reference to the difficulty of making a road across…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 35 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 27 that the bridges are, for the most part, substantial, well built, and even elegant in their construction.* A circumstance which enhanced much the expense of the valley road, was the necessity…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 36 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 28 England, we had hoped that the suggestions of this able engineer on this subject, would have been more closely adhered to. Whatever may have been the defects or the mistakes which…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 37 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 29 with great valour, was surrendered in the campaign which preceded Braddock's defeat, (Marshall's Life of Washington, Vol. ii, p. 9,) and the remains of it still to be traced, show that…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 38 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 30 Fort Duquesne he was abandoned by a considerable proportion of his men, and this circumstance, together with the information, which he received, that the French were advancing against him with reinforcements,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 39 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 31 of civilization, and the domestic animals which now occupy their place, have nothing to characterize them. We cannot, however, omit noticing the extraordinary size and strength of the Pennsylvania waggon horse,…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
-
Image 40 of Volume 1
Major Long's second expedition 32 wide. The town is divided into the old and the new, the former is built upon a narrow bank, which extends between the river and the ridge of hills on the…- Contributor: Keating, William Hypolitus - Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman) - Colhoun, James E. (James Edward) - Lovell, Joseph - Schweinitz, Lewis David Von - Say, Thomas
- Date: 1824
About this Item
Title
- Narrative of an expedition to the source of St. Peter's River, Lake Winnepeck, Lake of the Woods, &c. &c. performed in the year 1823, by order of the Hon. J.C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Stephen H. Long, Major, U.S.T.E.
Other Title
- Major Long's second expedition
Summary
- William Hypolitus Keating (1799-1840), a professor of mineralogy and chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania (1822-1828), compiled this two-volume account of a scientific expedition in 1823 under the auspices of President Monroe's War Department. The expedition encompassed the Minnesota River, Red River, Lake Winnepeg, Lake of the Woods, and Lake Superior. Keating used his own notes as well as those of the other scientists who traveled with him. These included James Colhoun, astronomer, assistant topographer, and historical authority; Thomas Say, zoologist and acting botanist with a knowledge of "matter relating to Indians;" and Major Stephen Long of the United States Topographical Engineers, commander, chief topographer, and author of additional descriptive and historical material. Although Americans and Europeans had reached the area before, Keating considered his expedition to be the first to use scientific equipment and knowledge to describe and evaluate the region's natural resources. Volume 1 provides detail about the journey west and the ensuing voyage up the Mississippi, from Prairie du Chien to the point just below St. Anthony's Falls where the travelers entered the Minnesota and proceeded to Big Stone and Traverse Lakes. The expedition set forth from Philadelphia and journeyed via Hagerstown and Cumberland to Wheeling, traversing Ohio from Zanesville to Columbus and, from there, on to Fort Wayne and Fort Dearborn. At that point, departing from their planned itinerary, they headed across the prairies to Fort Crawford and Prairie du Chien. One of the expedition's goals was to report on the Native American peoples populating the areas through which they traveled. The narrative pays considerable attention to mounds, fortifications, and other Indian antiquities as well as to the cultural practices, beliefs, health, and physical attributes of the several tribes encountered. Descriptions of the Potawatomi, Miami, Sauk, Menomone [Menominee], Winnebago, and Dacota [Sioux] provide insights about the observers as well as the peoples observed. Volume 2 chronicles the journey from Lake Traverse up the Red River to Lake Winnipeg [Winnepeek] and down the Winnipeg River to Lake of the Woods. From there, the expedition followed Rainy River to Rainy Lake, and Lac La Croix over to Lake Superior, Sault Saint Marie [Sault de St. Marie], and Mackinac [Mackinaw], which is where the narrative ends. A chapter concerns the cultural practices, beliefs, health, and physical attributes of the Chippewa (Ojibwe), and material on other Native Americans, particularly the Dacota [Sioux], appears elsewhere. Chapter 5 was written by Major Long, and points out significant hydrographical and topographical features of the country the expedition traversed. Long also evaluates Native Americans' complex relations with the United States and its settlers. The book includes several appendices on natural history. Thomas Say classifies zoological materials and observations, and Lewis de Schweinitz contributes a catalogue of the plant specimens Say collected along the way. James Colhoun presents astronomical data, and Joseph Lovell, the U.S. Surgeon-General, compares climate readings at several American military outposts. The volume concludes with a comparative list of Native American vocabularies.
Names
- Keating, William Hypolitus, 1799-1840
- Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman), 1784-1864
- Say, Thomas, 1787-1834
- Schweinitz, Lewis David von, 1780-1834
- Colhoun, James E. (James Edward), 1798-1889
- Lovell, Joseph, 1788-1836
Created / Published
- Philadelphia, H. C. Carey & I. Lea ..., 1824.
Headings
- - Northwest, Old--Description and travel
- - Minnesota--Description and travel
- - Minnesota River (S.D. and Minn.)
- - Manitoba--Description and travel
- - Dakota Indians
- - Ojibwa Indians
- - Northwest, Old--Discovery and exploration
- - Indians of North America--Languages
Notes
- - Wagner-Camp (4th ed.) 26b:1
- - LAC scc 2019-06-14 update (1 card)
- - LAC ael 2020-10-08 no edits (2 cards)
Medium
- 2 v. fronts., 15 pl., fold. map. 22 cm.
Call Number/Physical Location
- F597 .L845
Repository
- Library of Congress. Rare Books and Special Collections Division. Washington, DC 20540
Digital Id
- http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/mtfrb.2006a
- http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/lhbum.1607a
- http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/mtfrb.2006b
- http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/lhbum.1607b
Library of Congress Control Number
- rc01001607
Online Format
- online text
- image
LCCN Permalink
Additional Metadata Formats
IIIF Presentation Manifest
Part of
Format
Contributor
- Colhoun, James E. (James Edward)
- Keating, William Hypolitus
- Long, Stephen H. (Stephen Harriman)
- Lovell, Joseph
- Say, Thomas
- Schweinitz, Lewis David Von